Early+Years+of+the+Cold+War

C opy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO. **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and**
 * [|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO] ** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the**
 * Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**

states established "to maintain international peace and security" and to promote international cooperation for the creation of positive political, economic, and social conditions has placed it in the center of various tragedies, scandals, and triumphs." Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the Secretariat" are the main organization units. ||
 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS**
 * **Watchdog for the world for 50 years**
 * "Association of independent and sovereign
 * Headquarters in NYC
 * "General Assembly, the Security Council, the
 * **CONTAINMENT**
 * **in reponse to communism**
 * **to prevent the growth of a hostile country's territory by limiting the country's ideological influence**
 * **1947** || [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg align="center" caption="kennan.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE**
 * **1947**
 * **Gave the U.S. an active role in not letting**
 * communism spread**
 * **$400 million to Greece and Turkey because they**
 * were anticommunists**
 * **Laid groundwork for the Marshall Plan**
 * **formed the backbone of America's cold war**
 * policy, leading to Vietnam and Korean Wars** ||
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN**
 * **George C. Marshall - secretary of state**
 * **Jumpstart European reconstruction**
 * **First named the European Recovery Plan, but then renamed as the Marshall Plan**
 * **Truman and Marshall campaigned throughout the country for support**
 * **Marshall gave a speech saying that Europe has plans for recovery, but can only do it with the the financial help of the U.S.**
 * **America was trying to push communism into a corner, and gave money to European countries to help them get away from communism, and the Soviet Union.**
 * **Only certain countries took the help, but it was offered to all countries** || [[image:turningpoints2010:marshall.jpg align="center" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT**
 * **Massive transfer of important supplies flown**
 * into Berlin by British and U.S. forces**
 * **Most extraordinary peacetime military operation**
 * **Harassed by Soviet fighter planes**
 * **Delivered crazy amounts of food, coal, etc**
 * **The airlift was Truman's response to the Blockade by the Soviet Union**
 * **Stalin called off the Blockade when they realized the Blockade was no use because the airlift was too successful** ||
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT**
 * **North Atlantic Treaty Organization**
 * **Because of the communism scare in Eastern Germany**
 * **Included the U.S., Canada, and Western European countries**
 * **Because of the NATO alliance, the Soviet Union formed the Warsaw Pact**


 * **Included Eastern European Nations such as Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, etc**
 * **Like the NATO alliance, just for the other side** || [[image:turningpoints2010:nato.png align="center" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC**
 * **fear of communism in the U.S.**
 * **Americans were paranoid that the U.S.**
 * would turn communist like China did**

Gov. and providing Russia secrets about the Atomic Bomb husband Communist Party
 * **Came at the high point of the second red scare**
 * Julius Rosenberg arrested for spying on the U.S.
 * Julius's wife, Ethel, was arrested for helping her
 * Rosenburgs were a part of the American

> industry of being associated with the Soviets suspected of being tied with the communists ruined because of the paranoia in the U.S. about communist spies || || ||
 * The House Un-American Activities Committee
 * Part of the anticommunist crusade
 * Suspected lots of people in the entertainment
 * Made blacklists, or unofficial lists of people
 * The careers of the people on these lists were
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA** * Mao Zedong - head of communist China
 * The Nationalist government lead by Chaing Kai-Shek went to Taiwan
 * Lots of Americans thought that China being converted to Communist was a part of the communist plan to take over the world
 * People blamed the State Department for not stopping the spread of Communism
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR**

xxxxx
 * No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM** * Joseph McCarthy - republican senator from WI
 * Used the Korean War to fan the fear of Communism
 * "reckless charges against innocent citizens"
 * McCarthy faded from the public after the Senate issued a statement criticizing is conduct || [[image:turningpoints2010:180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg align="center" caption="180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE**
 * **A competition between America and the Soviet**
 * Union to explore space**
 * **Soviet Union launched Sputnik into space to**
 * orbit the Earth**
 * **Congress set aside billions of dollars for the**
 * **Space Race**
 * **Soviet Union threatened to launch a missile**
 * from space to reach the United States, but never**
 * actually did it**
 * **The U.S. Tried as hard as they could to launch**
 * a satellite into space, like the Soviet Union did** ||